Flash-boiler.



No. 767,071. PATENTED AUG. 9, 1904.

H. LEMP.

FLA$E BOILER.

APPLIOATIOH FILED JAN. 16, 1901. N0 MODEL.

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No. 767,071. PATENTED AUG. 9, 1904. H. LEMP.

FLASH BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 10. 1901.-

H0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

. I JB U Hermann Lem a I yawn.

IN'O. 767,071. Patented August 9, 1904.

UNTTEn STATES PATENT EEicE.

l-IERMANN LFMP, OF LYNN, l\lASSACl-EIUSE'.I"FS, ASSTG'NOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO GENERAL ELF TRIO COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEl/V YORK.

FLASH-*BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 767,071, dated Augus 9,1904.

Application filed January 16, 1901. Serial No. 43,510- (No model.)

To whom V The interior of the casing is provided with a Be it known thatI, HERMANN LuMr. a citisuitable lining B, of fire-brick or other heatzenof the United States, residing at Lynn, in resistingmaterial. Extendingacross the easthe county of Essex, State of Massachusetts, ing in amanner to support the boiler-tubes 5 have invented certainnew andusefulImproveand also to hold the lire-brick lining are T- ments inFlaslrBoilers, of which the following shaped supports (J, which aresecured to the 55 is a specification. casing in anysuitable manner. Thecompart- In the operation of steam-propelled vehicles ments A and A areseparated from each other designed forordinaryroadworli, where skilledat the bottom, but are connected at the top IO operators are notnecessarily employed, the by the flue or passage A. The right-handquestion of safety or freedom from explosion compartment is closed atthe bottom by the 60 becomes the most important factor. Flashtop plateof the chute l), forming a part of boilers have long been recognized asbeing the. the downdraft-flue, and mounted on this plate safest type ofboiler. since there is no considis a burner of any suitableconstruction. In

5 erablestorage-spaceforwaterand steam. This the present instance it isshown as consistlack of storage-space, however, is objectioning ofvaporizing-tubes E and E, a plug E, 5 able when it is desired to startthe vehicle. having one or more fuel-openings, and a Ordinarily apower-driven pump is employed baiiiing-plate L. Fuel is supplied to theburto supply water to the boiler, and this, in acner from any suitablesourcethrough the pipe cordance with the demand under ordinary con- M.In order to reduce the flame when no ditions of running and being drivenfrom some steam is being drawn from the boiler, a pin 7 9 moving part ofthe vehicle, isinoperative when or needle N is provided, which more orless the latter is standing still. In order to start closes the openingor openings in the burnerthe vehicle, it is customary to use amanuallyplug and is actuated by a lever or any suit 5 actuated pump tosupply the initial steamabledevicefromaconvenient point. The rearpressure to drive the engine, and consequently end of the casing isprovided with a door F 75 the supply-pump, after which the system takesto permit inspection of the burner. As shown, care of itself. it isprovided with a damper to regulate the My invention has for its objectto overcome admission of air to the burner. On the sides 3 the objectionabove pointed out and to so arof the casing adjacent to the burner arederange the parts that the vehicle may be startflector-plates O, Fig. 3,which prevent the ed without the use of a manually-actuated cold airfrom directly striking the flame and pump, even though the vehicle hasbeen stand' cause it to be deflected downward below the ing for aconsiderable interval of time. burner. As shown, the lire-brick linings,the

Referring to the accompanying drawings, deflector-plates O, and theburner constitute which illustrate an embodiment of my invena fire boxor chamber. I have found this to 5 tion,Figure1 is avertical section ofthe boilerbe a satisfactory arrangement; but of course casing with theboiler-tube in elevation. Fig. any other suitable means may be providedfor 2 is a horizontal section taken on line 2 2 of furnishing heat.

4 Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a front elevation with cer- Situated below theburner-easing is achute tain of the parts broken away. Fig. 4. is a de-D, forming a part of the dowudraftdiue and 9 tail side View of the hoodcovering the up flue composed of a thin metal casing of the form ordraft, and Fig. 5is a longitudinal sectional illustrated in Fig. 5. Theleft-hand end of View of the chute connected to the down draft the chuteis enlarged and, is provided with an or flue. opening in the upper platewhich coincides Referring to Fig. 1, A represents the boilerwith theopening A" in the front or left-hand casing, which is divided into twocompartcompartmentof the boiler-casing. The open ments, and located ineach of these eomparting and chute constitute a flue, and throughmentsisaportion or section of the flash-boiler. it the products ofcombustion pass to the external atmosphere. Extending into the flue D onthe front end is the exhaust-pipe G from the engine. The object of thisarrangement is to create a forced draft, so that the proclucts ofcombustion instead of passing out through the up or natural draft flueH, thereby shunting a portion of the boiler-tubes, will pass through allof the tubes and out at the bottom. This arrangement also serves to heatthe exhaust, and thereby render it invisible at ordinary temperatures.So far as the idea of creating a draft is concerned, in order to bringthe second or left-hand section of the boiler into operation other meansmight be arranged to deliver air or other fluid to the flue; but sincethe exhaust has to be disposed of and it will perform the work I preferthe arrangement illustrated.

The upper right-hand corner of the casing is provided with an opening H,which I term the natural or up draft flue, since the products ofcombustion when no steam is being drawn from the boiler pass out throughthis opening. The opening may or may not extend entirely across theboiler-casing, as desired. In any event it is provided with a hood I,closed at all points except the ends, which extends transversely acrossthe end of the casing in order to carry the products of combustionoutward toward the sides of the vehicle, where they will not annoy theoccupant. As the products of combustion rise and pass through theopening of flue H their direction of movement changes from vertical tohorizontal, at the same time dividing more or less, some of the productspassing out at one end and the remainder out at the other end of thehood. The hood, as shown, is provided with a shouldered end' which fitsinto the open end of the curved piece I, forming a part of the casing.The particular shape of this hood is immaterial; but 1 have found itvery advantageous to make it removable, so that the flues may be cleanedand the boiler inspected.

The boiler is composed of two connected sections J and J, each sectionbeing located in a separate compartment in the boiler-casing. As shown,the larger section J is located in the compartment A, since this hasbeen found to be a very satisfactory arrangement; but the relation ofthe grids or turns in one section to those in the other may be alteredas desired to suit any given condition. The sections may either be madeup from a single length of pipe bent back and forth to form grids orthey may be made up of separate grids and welded or united in anysuitable manner. The sections in the present instance are supported byT-shaped pieces 0; but any suitable support may be provided which willpermit of the grids having a certain freedom of motion to compensate forchanges in temperature. ater enters the boiler through the pipe K, andsteam leaves it through the pipe P. It will be seen that the water-pipeis connected to that portion of the boiler remote from the flame, whilethe steam-pipe is connected to that portion of the boiler directly overthe flame. ater is forced into the boiler through the pipe K and at someintermediate point in the boiler is flashed into steam, and from thattime on the temperature of the steam rapidly increases. By taking steamfrom the upper end of the boiler-section J the temperature is not quiteso high as though taken from the bottom of the section; but thearrangement shown is not so hard on the boiler-tubes and for that reasonis preferable.

Assuming that the boiler-tubes are filled with water and steam and thatthe delivery of steam from the boilerceases and the burnerflame has beenreduced, this will cut off the exhaust from pipe G, and the products ofcombustion will pass out through the flue H and hood I, or, in otherwords, through the natural draft. The temperature in section J rapidlydecreases, causing the steam therein to condense and, as water, settlein the bottom of the tubes or grids. The flame from the burner willmaintain a certain amount of steam in the boiler-section J, which can bedrawn when it is desired to start the vehicle or other mechanism. Thisflame may be sufficient to make steam when the pin N is inserted; ifnot, the pin can readily be withdrawn. The water in the boiler-section Jacts as a reserve supply and takes the place of that commonly suppliedby the manually-actuated pump. The amount of steam in section J of theboiler is suflicient to turn the engine over once or twice, and theexhaust-steam therefrom entering the flue D will draw the products ofcombustion up through the compartment A and down through the compartmentA, as indicated in Fig. 1. This will vaporize the water in both sectionsof the boiler, thereby furnishing more steam to the engine, and as theamount of exhaust therefrom continues to increase the draft willincrease, and the power-driven pump will supply the requisite amount ofwater to the boiler.

It will be noted that as the forced-draft flue is situated at that endof the boiler remote from the burner and as the natural-draft flue islocated at an intermediate point the products of combustion may becontrolled to heat a definite part of the boiler or the entire boiler.The natural draft operates only when the forced draft is inactive, andthereby affords means for controlling the products of combustion to heata definite portion or section of the boiler; but as soon as the forceddraft is called into service the natural draft is arrested by reason ofthe forced draft being much stronger than the natural draft and acts inopposition thereto, so as to draw all of the products of combustionthrough the entire boiler.

The broad idea of a cross-flue, together with the specific constructionand arrangement, is not claimed in the present application, because itforms the subject-matter of a separate application, Serial No. 69,904,filed July 27, 1901.

The arrangement of the burner and the means for feeding air thereto arenot claimed in the present application, because they form thesubject-matter of a divisional application, Serial No. 143,314, filedFebruary 14, 1903, said division being made under the requirements ofItules 41 and 42 of the Rules of Practice of the United States PatentOflice.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes I havedescribed the principle of operation of my invention, together with theapparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof;but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is merelyillustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

, What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States, is

1. In combination, a sectional flash-boiler, a casing therefor which isdivided into con1- partments, each compartment containing aboiler-section, a flue in communication with one compartment throughwhich the products of combustion naturally pass, and a second flue whichis in communication with a second compartment for receiving all of thewaste products of combustion when the boiler is working under normalconditions.

2. In combination, a sectional flash-boiler, a fire-box therefor, a fluecontrolling the products of combustion to heat one section of theboiler, a second flue controlling the products of combustion to heat theentire boiler, and means in the second flue for creatinga forced draftthrough the boiler.

3. In combination, a burner, a flue affording a natural draft, a sectionof a flash-boiler located between the burner and the flue and in aposition to absorb the heat, a second boiler-section connected to thefirst, and a second flue arranged to draw fire-gases through bothsections of the boiler and away from the first-named flue.

4. In combination, a section of a fiaslr boiler, a burner arranged incooperative relation thereto, a flue controlling the heating of saidsection, a second boiler-section, a second flue controlling the heatingof both sections, and an exhaust-pipe entering the second flue.

5. In combination, a burner, a sectional flash-boiler, an inclosure forone of the sections, a flue leading from the inclosure, an inclosure forthe other section in communication with the first inclosure, and meansfor causing the fire-gases to pass through both inclosures.

6. In combination, a flash-boiler section, a fire-box arranged to heatthe section at all times, aflue arranged to receive the waste firegaseswhen the section is operating under certain conditions, a'second sectionconnected to the first and operative only under conditions of increasedload, and a second. line arranged to receive the waste lire'gases afterthey pass7 through both the boiler-sections.

7 In combination, a boiler composed of a number of coils of pipe, atfirebox, means for causing the fire-gases to act on a few coils of .theboiler when steam is not being drawn, and

means for causing the lire-gases to act on all of the coils when steamis being drawn.

8. In combination,a boiler-section,a burner, means for varying theburner-flame, a line controlling the heating of one portion of theboiler, a second boiler-section, and a second flue arranged to controlsubstantially all of the products of combustion for heating bothsections.

9. In combination, a boilercomposed of sections, a casing having acompartment for each section, a passage connecting the compartments, alire-box, a flue through which the products of combustion naturallypass, and a second flue directly connected with one compartment, but notwith the other, and means in the second flue for creating a forced draftthrough the compartments.

10. In combination, a boiler, a casing, a firebox, an upwardly-openingfine, a downwardly-opening flue, and a removable openended hood for theupwardly-opening fine.

11. In combination, a casing divided into compartments, a boilerdivided. into sections, each section being located in a separatecompartment but joined together, a flue for creating an updraft throughone section, a transversely-extending hood secured thereto, and a secondfine for creating a downdraft through a second section.

12. In combination, a casing divided. into compartments, a boiler, afire-box, a fine for creating an updraft in one compartment, a secondflue for creating a downdraft in another compartment, and anexhaust-pipe which enters the second flue.

13. In combination, a casing divided into compartments, aboiler composedof sections, each section being located in a separate compartment andcomposed of tubing bent back and forth to form a grid, supports for eachof the sections, an up-flue connected with one section, and a secondflue constituting a downdraft connected with the lower end of anothersection.

14. In combination, a boiler, a casing there for, an up or natural flue,a down draft or line, and a chute which connects with the downdraft andcarries the products of combustion rearwardly toward the end of'thecasing.

15. In combination, a boiler, comprising sections, separate compartmentsfor the sections, a burner for the boiler, means for limiting the heatof the burner to a definite section of the boiler, and means arrestingthe action of the first means for heating the entire boiler.

16. In combination, a boiler, comprising sections, separatecommunicating compartments, a burner, means for controlling the heat ofthe burner relatively to all the compartments, means for limiting theheat of the burner to one compartment, means for supplying water to theboiler at a point remote from the burner, and means for delivering steamfrom the boiler adjacent to the burner.

17. In combination, a boiler, a burner there for, means for controllingthe heating of a portion of the boiler, a steam-delivery pipe connectedwith said portion, means for controlling the heating of the entireboiler, and means for supplying liquid to the boiler at the end thereofremote from the burner.

18. In combination, a steam generating and superheating conduit orpassage, a burner arranged in cooperative relation thereto, and meanswhereby the entire passage may be heated or only the superheatingportion thereof.

19. In combination, a steam generating and superheating conduit orpassage, a burner therefor, and means for controlling the products ofcombustion for heating the entire passage or substantially thesuperheating portion thereof whereby the remaining portion of thepassage becomes a storage for liquid.

20. In combination, a burner, a steam generating and superheatingconduit or passage in which water is supplied toward the burner, andmeans for controlling the products of combustion for heating the entirepassage or only the superheating portion thereof.

21. In combination, a burner, two communicating compartments, means fordirecting the products of combustion through both, a coil in onecompartment adapted to supply liquid in a counter direction to thepassage of the products of combustion, a coil in the other compartmentadapted to receive fluid from the other coil and to deliver it in thedirection of the moving products of combustion, and means forcontrolling the heating only of the latter coil. 7

22. In combination, a burner, two communicating compartments, means fordirecting the products of combustion through both, a coil in onecompartment adapted to supply liquid in a counter direction to themoving products of combustion, a coil in the other compartment adaptedto receive fluid from the other coil at a point adjacent to the burnerand to deliver it in the direction of the moving products of combustion,and means for controlling the heating only of the latter coil.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 12th day of January,1901.

HERMANN LEMP.

Witnesses:

DUGALD McK. McKILLor, JOHN J. WALKER.

